- Do you know what's the effects of eating disorder?
- Can you please name some of the common effects?
wei teng
Monday, August 31, 2009
Questions
hi everyone,here are some of the questions about the effects of eating disorder:
wei teng
wei teng
Physical and psychological effects
Physical and psychological effects
''The effects of eating disorders on a person's physical and emotional well-being can be devastating, and in some cases, deadly. Skaters should note that this also means their performance on the ice will be adversely affected, perhaps to the point where they will never be able to skate again. Plain and simple: it's just not worth it.''
Food restriction
''Restrictive or erratic eating patterns can cause more than just weight loss. Metabolic difficulties are almost certain, even if weight loss is NOT dramatic. Blood pressure and heart rate will fall, setting a person up for heart or kidney failure. The person may experience dizzy or fainting spells, and because they have little insulation and/or poor circulation, will constantly feel cold. Hair on the head begins to fall out while more hair grows on the rest of the body (called lanugo).''''In females, the menstrual cycle may cease due to plummeting estrogen levels. This may later lead to osteoporosis (which is irreversible). Without menstrual periods, women are also at a greater risk of developing ovarian cysts or other problems with the reproductive system; perhaps even to the point of never being able to have children.''
''Especially if a person does not get enough the proper nutrition, many other serious consequences may result. Lack of fat in the diet means that the body cannot absorb certain vitamins, and depending on what foods are being cut out of a person's diet, they may not even be getting all of the vitamins and minerals they need to begin with.''
Forced vomiting
''Forced vomiting causes electrolyte imbalances, which can easily lead to life-threatening heart-related problems. The acid in vomit can cause the enamel of teeth to wear down, That same acid also eats away at the lining of the esophagus and may cause gastric rupture. In other words, immediate death.''''Many patients who frequently force themselves to vomit after meals may be unable to eat without a gag reflex. G.E.R.D., or Gastro-Esophogal Reflux Disease, is another potential consequence of frequent purging. Vomiting can also cause severe dehydration, leading to abnormally low blood pressure and increased risk of fainting.''
''Syrup of ipecac, a drug sometimes used to induce vomiting in emergency situations, is sometimes abused by eating disorder patients. This is perhaps one of the most dangerous methods of all. Ipecac is a POISON, and may cause permanent damage to the heart or other organs. Karen Carpenter died, WHILE IN RECOVERY, from complications related to her past use of ipecac syrup.''
Other "purging" methods
''Diuretics, or water pills, can easily cause electrolyte imbalances much in the same way as forced vomiting, and the risk of dehydration and kidney damage is even greater. Laxative abuse also causes dehydration, and may also cause permanent damage to the bowels. A person may actually become dependent on laxatives if they abuse them for a long period of time. Not only are the stimulants addicting, but soon the bowels will not be able to move without them.''''The worst part about laxatives and diuretics is that they do not even really cause weight loss... all you are losing is water weight, which is quickly regained (and then some). Incidentally, the body's metabolism decreases when it is dehydrated... so I hope this shows just how REALLY "not worth it" diuretics and laxatives are.''
''Even "compulsive exercisers" are not off the hook. Excessive exercise may take its toll on a person's body as well, particularly if the person is already malnourished. Stress fractures are very common in people with eating disorders because the danger of osteoporosis is heightened by malnutrition.''
Binge eating
''Binge eating itself, without the terrible compensatory methods, can also do damage. Large binges can cause the stomach to stretch, possibly even to the point of literally bursting. Chronic binge eating may also lead to weight gain, regardless of whether or not these binges are "compensated" for.''''Some people with binge eating disorder may even become obese, and develop many of the problems which acompany obesity, including high blood pressure, diabetes, menstrual troubles, cardiovascular disease, sleeping disturbances such as sleep apnea, and arthritis.''
Psychological and psychosocial effects
''The psychological effects of eating disorders are nearly as devastating as the physical ones. The very nature of eating disorders demand that the behaviors be carried out in secret. Thus the person with an ED becomes more withdrawn and avoidant of social situations, particularly those that involve food. Lack of social interaction, coupled with poor nutrition, can not only exacerbate pre-existing depression and anxiety, but they can also cause it in individuals who previously had no such problems. "Meaningful relationships and eating disorders are mutually exclusive," says one of my friends. And she is absolutely right.''sources: http://www.angelfire.com/il2/figskating/issues/edeffect.html
wei teng
questions to answer
here's my questions for anyone who read our blog...
after reading our previous posts,
1) what do you understand about eating disorder??
2) what's the symptoms of eating disorder??
3) and do you know any other examples of celebraties having eating disorder??
p/s:
enjoy reading and dont forget to answer my questions and leave me some comments ya...
thx...
after reading our previous posts,
1) what do you understand about eating disorder??
2) what's the symptoms of eating disorder??
3) and do you know any other examples of celebraties having eating disorder??
p/s:
enjoy reading and dont forget to answer my questions and leave me some comments ya...
thx...
Sunday, August 30, 2009
Questions for classmates
QUESTIONS :
- How many types of illness which results from someone who has "eating disorders" are there ? Please name them.
- Are there cures for these illnesses ? Please state how if your answer is yes. Or please state why you think so if your answer is no.
Tuesday, August 18, 2009
what causes eating disorders?
"There is no single cause for eating disorders. Although concerns about weight and body shape play a role in all eating disorders, the actual cause of these disorders appear to result from many factors, including cultural and family pressures and emotional and personality disorders. Genetics and biologic factors may also play a role.
Negative Family Influences
Negative influences within the family may play a major role in triggering and perpetuating eating disorders. Some studies have produced the following observations and theories regarding family influence.
~Insecure Infancy. Some experts theorize that parents who fail to provide a safe and secure foundation in infancy may foster eating disorders. In such cases, children experience so-called insecure attachments. They are more likely to have greater weight concerns and lower self-esteem than are those with secure attachments.
~Parental Behaviors. Poor parenting by both mothers and fathers has been implicated in eating disorders. One study found that 40% of 9- and 10-year-old girls trying to lose weight generally with the urging of their mothers. Some studies have found that mothers of anorexics tend to be over-involved in their child's life, while mothers of people with bulimia are critical and detached. Overly critical fathers, brothers, or both may play a factor in the development of anorexia in both girls and boys.
~Family Meals. How often a family eats together may influence whether a child develops an eating disorder. A study published in the Journal of Adolescent Health found that young girls who ate 3 - 4 meals per week with their families were about half as likely to engage in extreme weight control behaviors as girls who ate family meals less often.
~Family History of Addictions or Emotional Disorders. Studies report that people with either anorexia or bulimia are more likely to have parents with alcoholism or substance abuse than are those in the general population. Parents of people with bulimia appear to be more likely to have psychiatric disorders than parents of patients with anorexia.
~History of Abuse. Women with eating disorders, particularly bulimia, appear to have a higher incidence of sexual abuse. Studies have reported sexual abuse rates as high as 35% in women with bulimia.
~Family History of Obesity. People with bulimia are more likely than average to have an obese parent or to have been overweight themselves during childhood.
At least one study has reported that the most positive way for parents to influence their children's eating habits and to prevent weight problems and eating disorders is to have healthy eating habits themselves.
Genetic Factors
Anorexia is eight times more common in people who have relatives with the disorder, and some experts estimate that genetic factors are the root cause of many cases of eating disorders. Twins had a tendency to share specific eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and obesity). Researchers have identified specific chromosomes that may be associated with bulimia and anorexia. In particular, regions on chromosome 10 have been linked to bulimia as well as obesity. Some evidence has also reported an association with genetic factors responsible for serotonin, the brain chemical involved with both well-being and appetite. Researchers have also pinpointed certain proteins such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). This protein may influence an individual's susceptibility to developing an eating disorder.
Cultural Pressures
The approach to food in Western countries is extremely problematic. Enough food is produced in the U.S. to supply 3,800 calories every day to each man, woman, and child, far more than any single person needs to sustain life. Obesity is a global epidemic, and few people living in this over-fed and sedentary culture eat a meal guiltlessly.
One interesting anthropologic study reported the following observations:
~During historical periods or in cultures where women are financially dependent and marital ties are stronger, the standard is toward being curvaceous, possibly reflecting a cultural or economic need for greater reproduction.
~During periods or in cultures where female independence has been possible, the standard of female attractiveness tends toward thinness.
The response of the media to the cultural drive for thinness and the overproduction of food both likely play major roles in triggering obesity and eating disorders.
~On the one hand, advertisers heavily market weight-reduction programs and present anorexic young models as the paradigm of sexual desirability.
~Clothes are designed and displayed for thin bodies in spite of the fact that few women could wear them successfully.
~On the other hand, the media floods the public with attractive ads for consuming foods, especially "junk" foods.
Hormonal Abnormalities
Hormonal abnormalities are common in eating disorders and include chemical abnormalities in the thyroid, the reproductive regions, and areas related to stress, well-being, and appetite. Many of these chemical changes are certainly a result of malnutrition or other aspects of eating disorders, but they also may play a role in perpetuating or even creating susceptibility to the disorders.
The primary setting of many of these abnormalities originate in a small area of the brain called the limbic system. A specific system called hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) may be particularly important in eating disorders. It originates in the following regions in the brain:
~Hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is a small structure that plays a role in controlling our behavior, such as eating, sexual behavior and sleeping, and regulates body temperature, emotions, secretion of hormones, and movement.
~Amygdala. This small almond-like structure lies deep in the brain and is associated with regulation and control of major emotional activities, including anxiety, depression, aggression, and affection.
image of the brain-thyroid link
~Stress Hormones. The HPA systems trigger the production and release of stress hormones called glucocorticoids, including the primary stress hormone cortisol. Chronically elevated levels of stress chemicals have been observed in patients with anorexia and bulimia. Cortisol is very important in marshaling systems throughout the body (including the heart, lungs, circulation, metabolism, immune systems, and skin) to deal quickly with any threat.
~Release of Neurotransmitters. The HPA system also releases certain neurotransmitters (chemical messengers) that regulate stress, mood, and appetite and are being heavily investigated for a possible role in eating disorders. Abnormalities in the activities of three of them, serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine, are of particular interest. Serotonin is involved with well-being, anxiety, and appetite (among other traits), and norepinephrine is a stress hormone. Dopamine is involved in reward-seeking behavior. Recent research suggests that people with anorexia have increased activity in the brain's dopamine receptors. This overactivity may explain why people with anorexia do not experience a sense of pleasure from food and other typical comforts.
~Ghrelin. High levels of ghrelin, a hormone that increases the feeling of hunger and slows metabolism, have been noted in patients with anorexia and bulimia.
Low-Leptin Levels. Leptin is a hormone that appears to trigger the hypothalamus to stimulate appetite, and low levels have been observed in people with anorexia and bulimia.
~Low Reproductive Hormones. The hypothalamic-pituitary system is also responsible for the production of important reproductive hormones that are severely depleted in anorexics. Although most experts believe that these reproductive abnormalities are a result of anorexia, others have reported that in 30 - 50% of people with anorexia, menstrual disturbances occurred before severe malnutrition set in and remained a problem long after weight gain, indicating that hypothalamic-pituitary abnormalities precede the eating disorder itself.
Infections
In some cases, infection has been associated with anorexia. In such cases, immune factors released to fight these infections may cause inflammation and injury in the areas of the brain that affect appetite and behavior.
~Streptococcal Infection. The bacteria responsible for strep throat and rheumatic fever -- called group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) -- is now a suspect in some cases of anorexia. Some children who have been infected with these bacteria develop a syndrome that includes obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), tics, and anorexia nervosa. The syndrome is called PANDAS (Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcus). More research is needed to confirm this as an actual cause of anorexia and to determine if it may be treatable with antibiotics.
~Epstein Barr Virus. Epstein Barr, the virus that causes mononucleosis, has also been associated with the development of anorexia."
image of infectious mononucleosis
source from:
http://www.umm.edu/patiented/articles/what_causes_eating_disorders_000049_3.htm
Negative Family Influences
Negative influences within the family may play a major role in triggering and perpetuating eating disorders. Some studies have produced the following observations and theories regarding family influence.
~Insecure Infancy. Some experts theorize that parents who fail to provide a safe and secure foundation in infancy may foster eating disorders. In such cases, children experience so-called insecure attachments. They are more likely to have greater weight concerns and lower self-esteem than are those with secure attachments.
~Parental Behaviors. Poor parenting by both mothers and fathers has been implicated in eating disorders. One study found that 40% of 9- and 10-year-old girls trying to lose weight generally with the urging of their mothers. Some studies have found that mothers of anorexics tend to be over-involved in their child's life, while mothers of people with bulimia are critical and detached. Overly critical fathers, brothers, or both may play a factor in the development of anorexia in both girls and boys.
~Family Meals. How often a family eats together may influence whether a child develops an eating disorder. A study published in the Journal of Adolescent Health found that young girls who ate 3 - 4 meals per week with their families were about half as likely to engage in extreme weight control behaviors as girls who ate family meals less often.
~Family History of Addictions or Emotional Disorders. Studies report that people with either anorexia or bulimia are more likely to have parents with alcoholism or substance abuse than are those in the general population. Parents of people with bulimia appear to be more likely to have psychiatric disorders than parents of patients with anorexia.
~History of Abuse. Women with eating disorders, particularly bulimia, appear to have a higher incidence of sexual abuse. Studies have reported sexual abuse rates as high as 35% in women with bulimia.
~Family History of Obesity. People with bulimia are more likely than average to have an obese parent or to have been overweight themselves during childhood.
At least one study has reported that the most positive way for parents to influence their children's eating habits and to prevent weight problems and eating disorders is to have healthy eating habits themselves.
Genetic Factors
Anorexia is eight times more common in people who have relatives with the disorder, and some experts estimate that genetic factors are the root cause of many cases of eating disorders. Twins had a tendency to share specific eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and obesity). Researchers have identified specific chromosomes that may be associated with bulimia and anorexia. In particular, regions on chromosome 10 have been linked to bulimia as well as obesity. Some evidence has also reported an association with genetic factors responsible for serotonin, the brain chemical involved with both well-being and appetite. Researchers have also pinpointed certain proteins such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). This protein may influence an individual's susceptibility to developing an eating disorder.
Cultural Pressures
The approach to food in Western countries is extremely problematic. Enough food is produced in the U.S. to supply 3,800 calories every day to each man, woman, and child, far more than any single person needs to sustain life. Obesity is a global epidemic, and few people living in this over-fed and sedentary culture eat a meal guiltlessly.
One interesting anthropologic study reported the following observations:
~During historical periods or in cultures where women are financially dependent and marital ties are stronger, the standard is toward being curvaceous, possibly reflecting a cultural or economic need for greater reproduction.
~During periods or in cultures where female independence has been possible, the standard of female attractiveness tends toward thinness.
The response of the media to the cultural drive for thinness and the overproduction of food both likely play major roles in triggering obesity and eating disorders.
~On the one hand, advertisers heavily market weight-reduction programs and present anorexic young models as the paradigm of sexual desirability.
~Clothes are designed and displayed for thin bodies in spite of the fact that few women could wear them successfully.
~On the other hand, the media floods the public with attractive ads for consuming foods, especially "junk" foods.
Hormonal Abnormalities
Hormonal abnormalities are common in eating disorders and include chemical abnormalities in the thyroid, the reproductive regions, and areas related to stress, well-being, and appetite. Many of these chemical changes are certainly a result of malnutrition or other aspects of eating disorders, but they also may play a role in perpetuating or even creating susceptibility to the disorders.
The primary setting of many of these abnormalities originate in a small area of the brain called the limbic system. A specific system called hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) may be particularly important in eating disorders. It originates in the following regions in the brain:
~Hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is a small structure that plays a role in controlling our behavior, such as eating, sexual behavior and sleeping, and regulates body temperature, emotions, secretion of hormones, and movement.
image of the hypothalamus
~The pituitary gland. The pituitary gland is involved in controlling thyroid functions, the adrenal glands, growth, and sexual maturation.
~Amygdala. This small almond-like structure lies deep in the brain and is associated with regulation and control of major emotional activities, including anxiety, depression, aggression, and affection.
image of the brain-thyroid link~Stress Hormones. The HPA systems trigger the production and release of stress hormones called glucocorticoids, including the primary stress hormone cortisol. Chronically elevated levels of stress chemicals have been observed in patients with anorexia and bulimia. Cortisol is very important in marshaling systems throughout the body (including the heart, lungs, circulation, metabolism, immune systems, and skin) to deal quickly with any threat.
~Release of Neurotransmitters. The HPA system also releases certain neurotransmitters (chemical messengers) that regulate stress, mood, and appetite and are being heavily investigated for a possible role in eating disorders. Abnormalities in the activities of three of them, serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine, are of particular interest. Serotonin is involved with well-being, anxiety, and appetite (among other traits), and norepinephrine is a stress hormone. Dopamine is involved in reward-seeking behavior. Recent research suggests that people with anorexia have increased activity in the brain's dopamine receptors. This overactivity may explain why people with anorexia do not experience a sense of pleasure from food and other typical comforts.
~Ghrelin. High levels of ghrelin, a hormone that increases the feeling of hunger and slows metabolism, have been noted in patients with anorexia and bulimia.
Low-Leptin Levels. Leptin is a hormone that appears to trigger the hypothalamus to stimulate appetite, and low levels have been observed in people with anorexia and bulimia.
~Low Reproductive Hormones. The hypothalamic-pituitary system is also responsible for the production of important reproductive hormones that are severely depleted in anorexics. Although most experts believe that these reproductive abnormalities are a result of anorexia, others have reported that in 30 - 50% of people with anorexia, menstrual disturbances occurred before severe malnutrition set in and remained a problem long after weight gain, indicating that hypothalamic-pituitary abnormalities precede the eating disorder itself.
Infections
In some cases, infection has been associated with anorexia. In such cases, immune factors released to fight these infections may cause inflammation and injury in the areas of the brain that affect appetite and behavior.
~Streptococcal Infection. The bacteria responsible for strep throat and rheumatic fever -- called group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) -- is now a suspect in some cases of anorexia. Some children who have been infected with these bacteria develop a syndrome that includes obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), tics, and anorexia nervosa. The syndrome is called PANDAS (Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcus). More research is needed to confirm this as an actual cause of anorexia and to determine if it may be treatable with antibiotics.
~Epstein Barr Virus. Epstein Barr, the virus that causes mononucleosis, has also been associated with the development of anorexia."
image of infectious mononucleosissource from:
http://www.umm.edu/patiented/articles/what_causes_eating_disorders_000049_3.htm
project work steps
a. the title of our project work is "Eating Disorder"
b. the objective/s of our project is to do research on:
~ what is eating disorder?
~ the causes and effects of eating disorder
~ the symptoms of eating disorder
~ examples of people having eating disorder
~ how to cure eating disorder?
c. the research questions
p/s: this part i'm not very sure wanna how to do
b. the objective/s of our project is to do research on:
~ what is eating disorder?
~ the causes and effects of eating disorder
~ the symptoms of eating disorder
~ examples of people having eating disorder
~ how to cure eating disorder?
c. the research questions
p/s: this part i'm not very sure wanna how to do
Tuesday, August 11, 2009
Rumination Syndrome
Hey girls..I found something new..Have a look at these..
"Rumination Syndrome is a rarely diagnosed chronic eating disorder of unknown prevalence. Though classically described as an illness of infancy or people with cognitive disabilities, its effects on otherwise healthy adults and adolescents is gaining increasing awareness in the medical community. Patients of this disorder experience effortless post-prandial (after ingestion) regurgitation of meals without the smells and tastes associated with normal vomitting. There is no nausea or retching preceding the event. Rumination syndrome is often misdiagnosed as bulimia nervosa by doctors, due to the lack of awareness of the disorder, the similarity in symptoms, and the common teenage onset of the disorder.
Rumination syndrome, or Merycism is a severely under-diagnosed chronic eating disorder, which has been historically documented as affecting only infants, young children, and people with cognitive disabilities (Where the prevalence is as high as 10% in institutionalized patients with various mental disabilities). Recently, however, it has been diagnosed in increasing numbers of otherwise healthy adolescents and adults.Individuals with the syndrome experience effortless postprandial regurgitation after most or every meal, without the retching, nausea, heartburn, odours, and abdominal pains that are normally associated with the act of vomiting. Rumination syndrome presents itself in a variety of ways, especially when comparing an afflicted cognitively healthy (those not suffering from a mental disability) adult to an infant or to a mentally disabled individual. Like most eating disorders, rumination can adversely affect normal functioning and the social lives of afflicted individuals.
There is little comprehensive data regarding rumination syndrome in otherwise healthy individuals. Most of those afflicted with the disorder are very private about their rumination, and very few are correctly diagnosed due to the clinical similarities between rumination syndrome and bulimia nervosa. These include the acid-induced erosion of the esophagus and teeth (causing dental decay), halitosis, malnutrition, severe weight loss and an unquenchable appetite.Some individuals may begin regurgitating within a minute following ingestion, and the full cycle of ingestion and regurgitation can mimic the bingeing and purging of bulimics.
Diagnosis of rumination syndrome is non-invasive, and based clinically on a history of the individual.Treatment for rumination syndrome is promising, with upwards of 85% of individuals responding positively to treatment, including infants and the mentally handicapped."
From the source of Wikipedia
"Rumination Syndrome is a rarely diagnosed chronic eating disorder of unknown prevalence. Though classically described as an illness of infancy or people with cognitive disabilities, its effects on otherwise healthy adults and adolescents is gaining increasing awareness in the medical community. Patients of this disorder experience effortless post-prandial (after ingestion) regurgitation of meals without the smells and tastes associated with normal vomitting. There is no nausea or retching preceding the event. Rumination syndrome is often misdiagnosed as bulimia nervosa by doctors, due to the lack of awareness of the disorder, the similarity in symptoms, and the common teenage onset of the disorder.
Rumination syndrome, or Merycism is a severely under-diagnosed chronic eating disorder, which has been historically documented as affecting only infants, young children, and people with cognitive disabilities (Where the prevalence is as high as 10% in institutionalized patients with various mental disabilities). Recently, however, it has been diagnosed in increasing numbers of otherwise healthy adolescents and adults.Individuals with the syndrome experience effortless postprandial regurgitation after most or every meal, without the retching, nausea, heartburn, odours, and abdominal pains that are normally associated with the act of vomiting. Rumination syndrome presents itself in a variety of ways, especially when comparing an afflicted cognitively healthy (those not suffering from a mental disability) adult to an infant or to a mentally disabled individual. Like most eating disorders, rumination can adversely affect normal functioning and the social lives of afflicted individuals.
There is little comprehensive data regarding rumination syndrome in otherwise healthy individuals. Most of those afflicted with the disorder are very private about their rumination, and very few are correctly diagnosed due to the clinical similarities between rumination syndrome and bulimia nervosa. These include the acid-induced erosion of the esophagus and teeth (causing dental decay), halitosis, malnutrition, severe weight loss and an unquenchable appetite.Some individuals may begin regurgitating within a minute following ingestion, and the full cycle of ingestion and regurgitation can mimic the bingeing and purging of bulimics.
Diagnosis of rumination syndrome is non-invasive, and based clinically on a history of the individual.Treatment for rumination syndrome is promising, with upwards of 85% of individuals responding positively to treatment, including infants and the mentally handicapped."
From the source of Wikipedia
Tuesday, August 4, 2009
Eating Disorder Signs and Symptoms
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
- ''General: Some patients with eating disorders may appear to be a normal weight. However, this does not mean that their condition is any less severe. Patients often try to hide their harmful eating habits from others.''
- ''Anorexia nervosa: Patients with anorexia nervosa usually think about food obsessively and develop compulsive eating rituals. Patients may become extremely underweight, irritable, and have difficulty interacting with others. Other symptoms may include difficulty sleeping, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating. Patients may also have compulsions involving sex, exercise, work, or other activities.''
- ''Bulimia: People with bulimia become obsessed with their weight and body shape. They typically try to hide their binging and purging behaviors from others. Other symptoms may include fatigue, abdominal pain, or diarrhea.''
- ''Binge eating: Binge eaters may eat large amounts of food when they are not hungry. During a binge, patients usually eat until they are uncomfortably full. Patients usually eat alone because they are ashamed of their behavior. Feelings of depression, guilt, and disgust may occur after eating.''
- ''Compulsive eating disorder: Patients with compulsive eating disorders are unable to control how much and/or how often they eat. Patients may have difficulty stopping themselves from eating. They may eat quickly, when they are not hungry, when they are alone, or constantly throughout the day. Compulsive eaters usually eat large amounts of sugary foods in an effort to elevate their moods. Patients may experience withdrawal symptoms, such as mood swings, irritability, and fatigue, if they do not eat the foods they crave.''
- ''Orthorexia nervosa: Patients with orthorexia nervosa only eat foods that they consider to be healthy. They generally get more pleasure out of eating appropriate foods than satisfying their hunger. If the patient deviates from their diet, then they may feel depressed.''
sources : http://www.wellness.com/reference/conditions/eating-disorders-malnutrition/symptoms-and-causes/
Orthorexia Nervosa - The Newest Eating Disorders
Orthorexia is a term coined by Dr. Steven Bratman. “Ortho” simply means straight or correct, while “orexia” refers to appetite. Orthorexia nervosa refers to a nervous obsession with eating proper foods. While anorexia nervosa is an obsession with the quantity, orthorexia is an obsession with the quality of the food consumed.
Given how heavy people seem to be getting in our country, focusing on health should not be a bad thing. However, while it is normal for people to change what they eat to improve their health, treat an illness, or lose weight, orthorectics may take the concern too far. While it is normal for people switching diets to be concerned with what types of food they are eating, this concern should quickly decrease, as the diet becomes normal. Orthorexia, in contrast, is when a person is consumed with what types of food they are allowed to eat and feel badly about their selves if they fail to stick with their regimen.
People suffering with this obsession about what they eat may find themselves:
• Spending more than three hours a day thinking about healthy food.
• Planning tomorrow’s menu today.
• Feeling virtuous about what they eat, but not enjoying it much.
• Continually limiting the number of foods they eat.
• Experience a reduced quality of life or social isolation (because their diet makes it difficult for them to eat anywhere but at home).
• Feeling critical of others who do not eat as well they do.
• Skipping foods they once enjoyed to eat the “right’ foods.
• Feeling guilt or self-loathing when they stray from their diet.
• Feeling in “total” control when they eat the correct diet.
Often orthorectics will “punish” themselves by doing a penance of some sort, if this “fall from grace” does occur. While orthorexia nervosa isn’t yet a formal medical condition, many professionals do feel that it does explain an important health phenomenon. If you or someone you know suffers from something that sounds or feels like this description of orthorexia nervosa, you should go visit either a nutritionist or doctor.
References
1) Bratman, Steve. "Health Food Junkie--Orthorexia Nervosa, the New Eating Disorder." 1997.
2) Billings, Tom. "Clarifying Orthorexia: Obsession with Dietary Purity as an Eating Disorder." 1997
3) Davis, Jeanie. "Orthorexia: Good Diets Gone Bad." November, 2000.
4) Fugh-Berman, Adriane. "Health Food Junkies: Orthorexia Nervosa: Overcoming the Obsession with Healthful Eating--A Book Review." May 2001.
5) Dennis, Tamie. "Booster Shots." Los Angeles Times, 7/09
Given how heavy people seem to be getting in our country, focusing on health should not be a bad thing. However, while it is normal for people to change what they eat to improve their health, treat an illness, or lose weight, orthorectics may take the concern too far. While it is normal for people switching diets to be concerned with what types of food they are eating, this concern should quickly decrease, as the diet becomes normal. Orthorexia, in contrast, is when a person is consumed with what types of food they are allowed to eat and feel badly about their selves if they fail to stick with their regimen.
People suffering with this obsession about what they eat may find themselves:
• Spending more than three hours a day thinking about healthy food.
• Planning tomorrow’s menu today.
• Feeling virtuous about what they eat, but not enjoying it much.
• Continually limiting the number of foods they eat.
• Experience a reduced quality of life or social isolation (because their diet makes it difficult for them to eat anywhere but at home).
• Feeling critical of others who do not eat as well they do.
• Skipping foods they once enjoyed to eat the “right’ foods.
• Feeling guilt or self-loathing when they stray from their diet.
• Feeling in “total” control when they eat the correct diet.
Often orthorectics will “punish” themselves by doing a penance of some sort, if this “fall from grace” does occur. While orthorexia nervosa isn’t yet a formal medical condition, many professionals do feel that it does explain an important health phenomenon. If you or someone you know suffers from something that sounds or feels like this description of orthorexia nervosa, you should go visit either a nutritionist or doctor.
References
1) Bratman, Steve. "Health Food Junkie--Orthorexia Nervosa, the New Eating Disorder." 1997.
2) Billings, Tom. "Clarifying Orthorexia: Obsession with Dietary Purity as an Eating Disorder." 1997
3) Davis, Jeanie. "Orthorexia: Good Diets Gone Bad." November, 2000.
4) Fugh-Berman, Adriane. "Health Food Junkies: Orthorexia Nervosa: Overcoming the Obsession with Healthful Eating--A Book Review." May 2001.
5) Dennis, Tamie. "Booster Shots." Los Angeles Times, 7/09
Monday, August 3, 2009
Celebraties with Eating Disorders
examples of celebraties with eating disorders...
'Brazil model Ana Carolina Reston, who weighed only 88 pounds, dies at 21 because of generalized infection as a result of anorexia.
"Take care for your children because their loss is irreparable," Reston's mother, Miriam, told the O Globo newspaper. "Nothing can make the pain go away. No money in the world is worth the life of your child."
The model's cousin, Dani Grimaldi, told the Estado de Sao Paulo newspaper that Reston also battled bulimia.
It is always heartbreaking to me when somebody dies as the result of not getting treatment for an eating disoder. Especially, at the young age of 21. This is also why I am strongly against pro-ana websites. Those who promote pro-anorexia do not understand how serious anorexia can be. It is an eating disorder that needs to be taken serious. '
'Went on a water diet to lose weight and, as she put it, to appear more attractive. Continued to diet even after losing 20 lbs, until her death at the age of 32. She died of cardiac arrest due to anorexia and weighed only 80 lbs. '
'After months of speculation about her emaciated appearance, Mary-Kate Olsen has entered treatment for an eating disorder (anorexia). Fans and celeb magazines expressed shock and concern at Mary-Kate's appearance April 29 at the unveiling of the twins' star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. '
'Singer and dancer , famous for her daring necklines and skin-tight dresses, has a secret weapon for keeping her figure sexy and trim. She employs a highly priced "food cop" to patrol her kitchen.
Top Hollywood nutritionist Yolanda Berman keeps a strict eye on what 36-year-old Abdul keeps in her pantry, cupboards and fridge. Abdul once thought nothing of sitting down to wolf down a whole cake, a bag of biscuits and a tub of ice cream. Then she would retreat to the bathroom and purge herself of the food. She had to overcome the eating disorder bulimia, whose sufferers binge and purge, by checking into a clinic in 1994. Abdul was once also an exercise junkie, trying to burn off the extra kilojoules she had taken in by over-indulging in food. "I used to be a fanatic," she says. "I used to exercise four or five times a day. "Now it's different. I don't exercise too much for the wrong reasons. Three times a week I'll do some cardiovascular or aerobic activity. '
'Singer Katharine McPhee, American Idol runner-up, struggled with bulimia while auditioning for American Idol in San Francisco in August 2005. She suffered from an eating disorder for 6 years, since she was 17 years old. After her audition was successful, Katharine decided to get help. "My bulimia was really getting out of control."
She enrolled at Los Angeles's Eating Disorder Center of California, where she spent three months undergoing group and individual therapy six days a week. Katharine says today that American Idol has saved her life. She believes that if she didn't audition for the show, she would probably still struggle. Katharine has learned that there is no "bad" food - you can have everything as long as you watch how much you eat.
Katharine McPhee appears on the cover of January’s “Shape” magazine. The article consists of a quick photo scan and a little bit about how she learned to live bulimia- free.As many of you know, Katharine suffered from bulimia and food issues for years. She does claim to be over it now.
Katharine McPhee took the stage in her quest to become the next "American Idol" as she went up against eventual winner Taylor Hicks in the finale.
Shortly after the show, Katharine hinted to Access Hollywood's Nancy O'Dell that she had dealt with body issues."As women, we should not be starving. We should be feeding our bodies and our souls and there is a way to have a healthy body and not have to diet, not have to restrict yourself from food," Katharine told Nancy. "As soon as you tell me I can't have this chocolate bar, I'm going to want it. I had a lot of fear foods – foods that I would binge on and stuff like that."
It turns out the problem was bigger than she would admit.
Just months before dazzling America with her vocal chords, Katharine was literally destroying them by purging, according to People magazine."Katharine McPhee had a very tough time with bulimia, throwing up up to seven times a day," People magazine's Julie Jordan told Access. "Right before starting ‘American Idol,' Katherine went in for treatment for the eating disorder, which she had already been battling for five years."
Katharine hasn't binged since two weeks before entering the eating disorder program, yet she still managed to drop 30 pounds throughout the "Idol" process.
"You start doing something you love doing and the weight just started falling off me. I was still eating," McPhee said. "It was a really amazing thing that happened with me and my body has just been kind of falling to its natural state and I don't know if it's finished going where it want, but it's doing its thing."
A healthy and happy looking Katharine graces the cover of June 30th's Teen People and she said she likes her new role as an idol to young girls."I love being a role model. I think it's great," she smiled. '
'Brazil model Ana Carolina Reston, who weighed only 88 pounds, dies at 21 because of generalized infection as a result of anorexia."Take care for your children because their loss is irreparable," Reston's mother, Miriam, told the O Globo newspaper. "Nothing can make the pain go away. No money in the world is worth the life of your child."
The model's cousin, Dani Grimaldi, told the Estado de Sao Paulo newspaper that Reston also battled bulimia.
It is always heartbreaking to me when somebody dies as the result of not getting treatment for an eating disoder. Especially, at the young age of 21. This is also why I am strongly against pro-ana websites. Those who promote pro-anorexia do not understand how serious anorexia can be. It is an eating disorder that needs to be taken serious. '
'Went on a water diet to lose weight and, as she put it, to appear more attractive. Continued to diet even after losing 20 lbs, until her death at the age of 32. She died of cardiac arrest due to anorexia and weighed only 80 lbs. '
'After months of speculation about her emaciated appearance, Mary-Kate Olsen has entered treatment for an eating disorder (anorexia). Fans and celeb magazines expressed shock and concern at Mary-Kate's appearance April 29 at the unveiling of the twins' star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. '
'Singer and dancer , famous for her daring necklines and skin-tight dresses, has a secret weapon for keeping her figure sexy and trim. She employs a highly priced "food cop" to patrol her kitchen.
Top Hollywood nutritionist Yolanda Berman keeps a strict eye on what 36-year-old Abdul keeps in her pantry, cupboards and fridge. Abdul once thought nothing of sitting down to wolf down a whole cake, a bag of biscuits and a tub of ice cream. Then she would retreat to the bathroom and purge herself of the food. She had to overcome the eating disorder bulimia, whose sufferers binge and purge, by checking into a clinic in 1994. Abdul was once also an exercise junkie, trying to burn off the extra kilojoules she had taken in by over-indulging in food. "I used to be a fanatic," she says. "I used to exercise four or five times a day. "Now it's different. I don't exercise too much for the wrong reasons. Three times a week I'll do some cardiovascular or aerobic activity. '
Katharine McPhee
'Singer Katharine McPhee, American Idol runner-up, struggled with bulimia while auditioning for American Idol in San Francisco in August 2005. She suffered from an eating disorder for 6 years, since she was 17 years old. After her audition was successful, Katharine decided to get help. "My bulimia was really getting out of control."
She enrolled at Los Angeles's Eating Disorder Center of California, where she spent three months undergoing group and individual therapy six days a week. Katharine says today that American Idol has saved her life. She believes that if she didn't audition for the show, she would probably still struggle. Katharine has learned that there is no "bad" food - you can have everything as long as you watch how much you eat.
Katharine McPhee appears on the cover of January’s “Shape” magazine. The article consists of a quick photo scan and a little bit about how she learned to live bulimia- free.As many of you know, Katharine suffered from bulimia and food issues for years. She does claim to be over it now.
Katharine McPhee took the stage in her quest to become the next "American Idol" as she went up against eventual winner Taylor Hicks in the finale.
Shortly after the show, Katharine hinted to Access Hollywood's Nancy O'Dell that she had dealt with body issues."As women, we should not be starving. We should be feeding our bodies and our souls and there is a way to have a healthy body and not have to diet, not have to restrict yourself from food," Katharine told Nancy. "As soon as you tell me I can't have this chocolate bar, I'm going to want it. I had a lot of fear foods – foods that I would binge on and stuff like that."
It turns out the problem was bigger than she would admit.
Just months before dazzling America with her vocal chords, Katharine was literally destroying them by purging, according to People magazine."Katharine McPhee had a very tough time with bulimia, throwing up up to seven times a day," People magazine's Julie Jordan told Access. "Right before starting ‘American Idol,' Katherine went in for treatment for the eating disorder, which she had already been battling for five years."
Katharine hasn't binged since two weeks before entering the eating disorder program, yet she still managed to drop 30 pounds throughout the "Idol" process.
"You start doing something you love doing and the weight just started falling off me. I was still eating," McPhee said. "It was a really amazing thing that happened with me and my body has just been kind of falling to its natural state and I don't know if it's finished going where it want, but it's doing its thing."
A healthy and happy looking Katharine graces the cover of June 30th's Teen People and she said she likes her new role as an idol to young girls."I love being a role model. I think it's great," she smiled. '
Saturday, August 1, 2009
pictures... pictures...
some pictures which i upload from google images...
anorexia nervosa
bulimia nervosa
anorexia nervosa 
bulimia nervosaWhat are eating disorders?
hmmm...
my first post is generally about WHAT ARE EATING DISORDERS?
'Eating disorders are medical illnesses in which patients become obsessed with food and their body weight. Research indicates that more than 90 percent of those who have eating disorders are women between the ages of 12 and 25. The main types of eating disorders are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. A third disorder, binge eating disorder, is still being investigated by researchers. '
source from:
http://www.answers.com/topic/what-are-eating-disorders
my first post is generally about WHAT ARE EATING DISORDERS?
'Eating disorders are medical illnesses in which patients become obsessed with food and their body weight. Research indicates that more than 90 percent of those who have eating disorders are women between the ages of 12 and 25. The main types of eating disorders are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. A third disorder, binge eating disorder, is still being investigated by researchers. '
source from:
http://www.answers.com/topic/what-are-eating-disorders
Bulimia Nervosa
Hmm..Bulimia Nervosa..from what i've read through,i think bulimia nervosa is about a person who cannot control his/her eating habits ; where he/she normally eats a lot and then will vomit it all into the toilet bowl..Those who have bulimia nervosa mostly know that they have this uncontrollable problem but they just cannot stop themselves from over-eating..Thus,they will eat a lot and then start purging..That's all for now..
PS:Thanx for the notes,Irene..
PS:Thanx for the notes,Irene..
Wednesday, July 29, 2009
Anorexia Nervosa
Just a summary of this illness.. "Anorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by refusal to stay at even the minimum body weight considered normal for the person's age and height ." This definition is from the source of Psychology Today..In terms of my words,I think i would describe it as wanting to be as thin/skinny as possible..People who have this kind of illness will want to keep on dieting;keep on getting thinner and thinner eventhough they are already seriously underweight..They have uncounsiously store it at the back of their mind that they need to be as thin as possible to be beautiful;to gain their confidence..Sorry to say that it ain't true actually..They are only jeapordizing their own health,making their parents sick with worry..
PS:Thus,to all girls or women or whatever you call yourselves,please appreciate your own life;your own health,your own body..Do not spoil your health just because you want to be beautiful..Beauty is only SKIN DEEP !
PS:Thus,to all girls or women or whatever you call yourselves,please appreciate your own life;your own health,your own body..Do not spoil your health just because you want to be beautiful..Beauty is only SKIN DEEP !
More Details !!
Just a gist of what i've read through just now..i think generally speaking , eating disorder is like a illness where the affected person could not control his/her eating habits..Such as the amount of food to be stomached at a time OR the total meals to be had in a day..Normally those with eating disorder illness tends to eat very little or skip theirs meals altogether..Hmm..Why do they do this ?? I think it's from some kind of great concern or depression over their figure/body weight..This illness happens mostly to teenagers or adolescence , ESPECIALLY the Womankind..And then this illness will slowly leads to another 2 more serious illness called anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa..That's all for now..Please leave me comments about it okay..
Intro~
Today only started this blog because my group members and i did it wrongly..We opened a account each to do this assignment thingy..haha..Actually Dr.Lin wanted us to use a same account to discuss on this blog about our english social science assignment..We misunderstood it seems..Anyway,just wanted to intro a bit about our group members..i'm Yee Woan Fung..Yvvone for short..And then there's Wei Teng and also Irene..The 3 of us are from different colleges,hope it won't affect our co-operation..So..The topic we've chosen for our assignment is Eating Disorder under Psychology..I found something on psychology-eating disorder from the web..the source is from wikipedia and psychology today..The main points are on Binge Eating Disorder(BED) , Bulimia Nervosa and Anorexia Nervosa..I'll scout out to see if there is more main points..
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