Rumination Syndrome

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"Rumination Syndrome is a rarely diagnosed chronic eating disorder of unknown prevalence. Though classically described as an illness of infancy or people with cognitive disabilities, its effects on otherwise healthy adults and adolescents is gaining increasing awareness in the medical community. Patients of this disorder experience effortless post-prandial (after ingestion) regurgitation of meals without the smells and tastes associated with normal vomitting. There is no nausea or retching preceding the event. Rumination syndrome is often misdiagnosed as bulimia nervosa by doctors, due to the lack of awareness of the disorder, the similarity in symptoms, and the common teenage onset of the disorder.

Rumination syndrome, or Merycism is a severely under-diagnosed chronic eating disorder, which has been historically documented as affecting only infants, young children, and people with cognitive disabilities (Where the prevalence is as high as 10% in institutionalized patients with various mental disabilities). Recently, however, it has been diagnosed in increasing numbers of otherwise healthy adolescents and adults.Individuals with the syndrome experience effortless postprandial regurgitation after most or every meal, without the retching, nausea, heartburn, odours, and abdominal pains that are normally associated with the act of vomiting. Rumination syndrome presents itself in a variety of ways, especially when comparing an afflicted cognitively healthy (those not suffering from a mental disability) adult to an infant or to a mentally disabled individual. Like most eating disorders, rumination can adversely affect normal functioning and the social lives of afflicted individuals.
There is little comprehensive data regarding rumination syndrome in otherwise healthy individuals. Most of those afflicted with the disorder are very private about their rumination, and very few are correctly diagnosed due to the clinical similarities between rumination syndrome and bulimia nervosa. These include the acid-induced erosion of the esophagus and teeth (causing dental decay), halitosis, malnutrition, severe weight loss and an unquenchable appetite.Some individuals may begin regurgitating within a minute following ingestion, and the full cycle of ingestion and regurgitation can mimic the bingeing and purging of bulimics.
Diagnosis of rumination syndrome is non-invasive, and based clinically on a history of the individual.Treatment for rumination syndrome is promising, with upwards of 85% of individuals responding positively to treatment, including infants and the mentally handicapped."

From the source of Wikipedia